前言:这封回信是Miller先生就我关于世界上是否存在一个所谓“精英金融帝国”或美国政府之上是否有一家“company”的 一封信 的回信。

这封信对我来说,并没有解答我的疑问,也许我写第一封信就表明我怀疑的观点了,而且我找到许多这些精英团体也许存在的线索,所以,我更希望我是在“求证”。而Miller先生答非所问地花大部分篇幅解释了美国三权分立的本质,这不是我想看到的回答。Miller先生是否有欲盖弥彰的意思呢?我决定杯弓蛇影一番。先来看他的回信吧:

你好,

这封信并不算打扰我,我十分愿意回答你的问题。你问了一个非常复杂的问题,但是我很愿意简短地或者详细地回答你。简短地回答,没有。美国政府没有被一家所谓的“公司”或团体所控制,也没有世界性的精英组织控制我们的命运。

就美国有关的问题,你要看当美国的建立者在1776年从大英帝国逃离出来的时候,他们真正关心的是什么。

在创立美利坚合众国的时候,最初始的创始人非常担心一个人(国王)或者一个团体(任何“精英”团体,无论军队或是社会上的)决定国家应该怎么运行。为了避免这样的情况,他们把权力分成了三部分:行政(总统)、国会(众议院和参议院)和司法(最终仲裁人最高法院)。每一部分都会制约其他两部分的行动。总统也许想做某个项目,但是国会不为这个项目拨款,国会想通过某项法律但是总统否决了它使它不能成为法律。最高法院也能取消国会或各州已通过的法律因为“违宪”原因等等。

附加地,宪法允许50个州可以和美国政府一样可以拥有它们独立的一套这样的系统,并且还有更复杂的是,宪法赋予公民“推翻”政府的权利,他们可以利用每两年和四年的选举罢免现任政府中的任何人。非常麻烦并且让做事情变得富有挑战。这是没有效率的,但这种设计最终是为了保护每个人的权利。每个独立的个体是这种体系和政府下最重要的部分,而不是领导者们。领导者为人民服务和打工,人民可以很轻易地通过选举罢免总统或解散政府。

在美国有许多有趣的组织,这些组织都想通过各种方式影响政府。比如通过”游说“的方式,意思是让立法者或总统接受他们的观点并且通过某些能使这些团体获利的法律条款。美国有数以万计这样的组织,代表们、农民们、华尔街、环保人士、穷人们,等等。他们中间并没有占优势的”八爪鱼“,但是不同时期不同的团体会比其他团体有更多的权利和影响力,比如战争时期军火商团体。

这对政府来说促成了一个很笨重的形式,尤其在互联网时代。

我已经年纪很大了,但是我可以很本质地告诉你,没有世界精英组织或团体。

如果你感兴趣,我很愿意哪天跟你和你的朋友在午饭或晚餐的时候详细地讨论这些问题。

祝好。

原文:

Hi,This is not a bother and I am happy to answer. You have asked a very complicated question which I am most happy to answer both briefly and at length. The short answer is no there is no overriding group or “company” controlling the US govt. There is no world-wide elite controlling the destiny of us all.

As far as the USA is concerned you have to look at what were the real concerns of the founders when they broke away from the British Empire in 1776.

In creating the USA the initial founders were very concerned about one man (king) or one group (any “elites” whether military or civil) deciding how the country should be run. For that purpose they carved power into three parts: the executive (the President),the Congress (House of Representatives and Senate),and the Judiciary (final arbiter the Supreme Court). Each one in its own way can stymie the actions of the other. The President may want something done and the Congress not appropriate money for it, the Congress may pass some law and the President veto it so it cannot become law, the Supreme Court can cancel a law passed by Congress or the states as “unconstitutional” and so on.

Add to all that the constitution allows each of the 50 states to have their own duplicate system as the US govt. plus the ultimate complexity is that the constitution leaves to the citizen the right to “overthrow” the government every two and four years by voting out the existing government people. Pretty messy and poses many challenges to getting things done. It is not efficient but it ultimately is designed to protect the individual rights of each person. The individual is the most important component of the government under this system not the leaders. The leaders “work for” the people and can be dismissed quite easily in an election.

There are many interest groups in the USA that seek to influence the government in many ways, from what is called “lobbying” meaning trying to convince a legislator or president of your point of view and get them to pass a law or direct a policy that will advantage you or your organization. There are thousands and thousands of these groups representing, farmers, wall street, environmentalists, the poor, etc etc. There is no dominant overall “octopus” but at different times different groups have lots of influence and hence power. An obvious example would be arms manufacturers in time of war.

This makes for a very cumbersome form of government especially in the internet age.

I’ve gone on much to long already but essentially there is no “world dominant” organization or groups either.

I would be happy to talk at length about these questions to you and/or your friends some day over lunch or dinner if you are interested.

Regards,